Entertainment & Celebrity

Avengers: Endgame Encore has officially displaced Agak Laen: Menyala Pantiku as the highest-grossing film of all time in Indonesia.

by Nila Kartika Wati
written by Nila Kartika Wati

The landscape of the Indonesian box office has undergone a significant shift following the strategic re-release of Marvel Studios’ blockbuster, Avengers: Endgame. Through a special presentation titled Avengers: Endgame Encore, the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) titan has reclaimed its status as the most-watched film in the history of Indonesian cinema. According to data disseminated by industry observers, including the Instagram accounts @sipalingmarvel and @officialwatchmenid, the re-release was met with an immediate and overwhelming response from the local audience, effectively propelling the film past the record previously held by the homegrown hit, Agak Laen: Menyala Pantiku.

The Statistical Shift: A Record-Breaking Re-run

On its opening day of the Encore engagement, the film secured an impressive 131,692 additional admissions. This surge brought the cumulative lifetime attendance for Avengers: Endgame in Indonesia to 11,108,030 viewers. This figure is statistically significant as it narrowly surpasses the final recorded attendance of the comedy sensation Agak Laen: Menyala Pantiku, which concluded its theatrical run with 11,000,866 tickets sold.

The race for the top spot had been a subject of intense debate among local cinephiles, particularly after Agak Laen became a cultural phenomenon earlier this year. The fact that a five-year-old film could return to theaters and generate such substantial numbers speaks volumes about the enduring popularity of the MCU in Southeast Asia’s largest economy. For the Indonesian film industry, this development serves as a dual-edged sword: while it highlights the massive hunger for premium international intellectual property, it also underscores the high benchmark set by local filmmakers in recent years.

Contextualizing the Encore: Why Now?

The decision by Disney and Marvel Studios to bring back Avengers: Endgame is not merely a revenue-generating maneuver but a strategic marketing initiative. The Encore version offers an additional four minutes of content, a subtle addition designed to entice both die-hard fans and casual viewers who may have missed the original 2019 cinematic experience.

Industry analysts suggest that the primary objective behind this re-release is to prime the market for the upcoming Marvel slate, specifically the highly anticipated Avengers: Doomsday. Scheduled for a global release in late 2026, Doomsday represents a soft reset and a massive expansion of the franchise’s narrative scope. By re-engaging the audience with the emotional stakes of the "Infinity Saga," Marvel is effectively reminding the public of the stakes involved in the MCU before introducing the next generation of threats.

Chronology of the Infinity Saga’s Indonesian Legacy

To understand the magnitude of this achievement, one must look at the timeline of the MCU in Indonesia. When Avengers: Endgame first premiered in April 2019, it shattered records globally, and Indonesia was no exception. It captured the public imagination in a way few foreign films had, leading to round-the-clock screenings in major cities like Jakarta, Surabaya, and Bandung.

Following its initial exit from theaters, the film remained a staple of streaming services and digital home media. However, the gap between 2019 and 2024 saw the rise of a robust Indonesian film industry. The success of Agak Laen was the culmination of years of growth in domestic production quality and local storytelling. When Agak Laen officially surpassed the 11-million-viewer mark, it was heralded as a "victory" for Indonesian cinema. The return of Avengers: Endgame, therefore, has been met with mixed emotions—a celebration of global cinema, yet a reminder of the sheer dominance that international franchises maintain over the local box office.

The Rise of Doctor Doom and the Future of the MCU

The narrative thread connecting the current box office success to the future of the studio lies in the antagonist. In the original Avengers: Endgame, the stakes were defined by the presence of Thanos and the race to secure the Infinity Stones. The film remains one of the most significant cinematic events in history, characterized by the ultimate sacrifice of iconic heroes such as Iron Man and Black Widow.

Looking ahead, Avengers: Doomsday is poised to shift the focal point of the franchise toward Victor Von Doom, famously known as Doctor Doom. In a casting move that stunned the global film industry, Robert Downey Jr.—who played the heroic Tony Stark—is set to return to the MCU, this time portraying the villainous Doctor Doom. Marvel officials have hinted that this iteration of the character will present a threat that dwarfs the influence of Thanos, requiring a complete restructuring of the Avengers team.

The anticipation for Doomsday is palpable, and the current performance of the Endgame Encore suggests that the Indonesian audience is more than ready to follow the studio into this next phase. The film is currently slated for release in Indonesian theaters on December 16, 2026.

Market Analysis: Implications for Theater Owners and Producers

The success of the re-release carries several implications for exhibitors and producers. First, it demonstrates that "event cinema" has a long shelf life. For theater chains, the ability to capitalize on nostalgia through limited re-releases provides a reliable stream of income during slower periods of the film release calendar.

Secondly, the competitive nature of the top-spot ranking highlights the growing importance of "total admissions" as a metric in Indonesia. Unlike markets that focus heavily on gross revenue, the Indonesian industry is deeply invested in the number of tickets sold, as it serves as a more accurate proxy for cultural penetration and local impact.

From a production standpoint, the battle for the top spot between an international franchise and a local comedy suggests that Indonesian audiences are willing to support both ends of the spectrum. However, the fact that a re-release of a 2019 film could dethrone a 2024 record-breaker suggests that the ceiling for international blockbusters remains significantly higher than that of local productions. This reality is likely to drive further investment from local producers into high-concept genres that can compete for a larger share of the audience’s wallet.

Official Responses and Public Sentiment

While Disney Indonesia and the primary distributors have remained relatively quiet regarding the specifics of the numbers, the social media buzz has been overwhelming. Marvel fan communities have mobilized to ensure that the film stays in theaters as long as possible. The discourse on social media platforms, including X (formerly Twitter) and TikTok, has been dominated by debates over which film "deserves" the top spot.

Supporters of Agak Laen argue that the record should be based on a single release cycle, while Marvel purists maintain that if the film is in theaters and people are buying tickets, it is a legitimate box office success. Regardless of the controversy, the numbers are verifiable and the impact on the industry is undeniable.

Broader Impact on the Industry

As the Indonesian box office continues to recover and expand following the disruptions of the early 2020s, the battle for the top spot in the historical rankings has served to re-energize the industry. It has brought theater-going back into the public consciousness at a time when streaming competition is at an all-time high.

Furthermore, the integration of the Encore version into the pre-release strategy for Avengers: Doomsday suggests a new model for Hollywood studios. By leveraging legacy content to build anticipation for future installments, studios can maximize the value of their intellectual property while keeping their franchises at the forefront of the public mind.

As of the latest reports, Avengers: Endgame Encore continues to play in major cinema chains across Indonesia. With the holiday season approaching and the momentum of the current release, it is widely expected that the film will extend its lead over its competitors. For the Indonesian film industry, the record-breaking run of both Avengers: Endgame and Agak Laen will serve as the benchmark for years to come, setting a clear, if daunting, target for future filmmakers who aim to capture the hearts and the attendance of the Indonesian public.

In conclusion, the shift in the top-grossing film list is a testament to the enduring power of the Marvel Cinematic Universe and the unique enthusiasm of the Indonesian market. As we look toward the 2026 debut of Avengers: Doomsday, the conversation regarding cinema attendance, historical records, and the future of storytelling in the MCU will undoubtedly continue to evolve, keeping the Indonesian box office at the center of the global cinematic narrative.

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Entertainment & Celebrity

Profil Syafrida Rachmawati Rasahan, Anggota Ombudsman yang Sidak Lapas Cibinong

by Iffa Jayyana
written by Iffa Jayyana

The integrity of Indonesia’s correctional system has once again been cast into the spotlight following a high-profile inspection by the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia at the Class IIA Penitentiary in Cibinong, West Java. At the heart of this investigation is Syafrida Rachmawati Rasahan, a prominent member of the Ombudsman, whose recent oversight activities have uncovered significant irregularities within the prison facility. The discovery of private, "homestay-style" structures built within the prison grounds has sparked a national dialogue regarding the equitable treatment of inmates and the pervasive issue of facility inequality behind bars.

The Cibinong Inspection: A Chronology of Discovery

The inspection, conducted on Wednesday, September 23, 2026, was part of a broader mandate by the Ombudsman to ensure that public services—including those provided by the Directorate General of Corrections—adhere to the principles of fairness, transparency, and non-discrimination.

According to official reports, the arrival of the Ombudsman team at the Cibinong facility was met with immediate resistance. Upon their arrival, the inspection team was reportedly denied access to the primary residential blocks where the general prison population is housed. This lack of transparency, a violation of the administrative procedures governing the relationship between the Ombudsman and state institutions, necessitated a shift in the inspection strategy.

While barred from entering the main cell blocks, the Ombudsman team conducted a perimeter search of the facility’s auxiliary areas. It was during this secondary inspection that investigators discovered several structures that defied standard correctional facility architectural norms. These buildings, which resembled private residences or luxury homestays, were equipped with amenities inconsistent with standard inmate accommodation. These findings strongly suggested the existence of "special treatment" areas reserved for specific inmates, a practice strictly prohibited by the Indonesian Law on Corrections.

Syafrida Rachmawati Rasahan: A Profile of Public Oversight

Syafrida Rachmawati Rasahan, S.H., M.H., has become a focal point of this investigation due to her decisive leadership during the Cibinong operation. Her professional trajectory reflects a deep-seated commitment to the principles of institutional accountability and administrative justice.

Born in Dabo Singkep, Riau Islands, Syafrida’s educational foundation is rooted in law. She earned her undergraduate degree in Law before pursuing a Master of Law degree at the Islamic University of North Sumatra. Her career is characterized by extensive experience in the high-stakes environment of election oversight, a role that requires impartiality, rigor, and the ability to navigate complex political landscapes.

Prior to her appointment as an Ombudsman member, Syafrida served two consecutive terms as the Chairperson of the Election Supervisory Body (Bawaslu) for the North Sumatra Province, covering the periods of 2013–2018 and 2018–2023. Her tenure at Bawaslu was marked by a focus on enforcing electoral integrity, a skillset that has directly translated into her current role as an oversight authority. Her expertise in monitoring government performance and identifying procedural deviations made her a key figure in the Ombudsman’s investigation into the Cibinong facility.

Contextualizing the Crisis: Facility Inequality in Indonesian Prisons

The findings at the Cibinong penitentiary are not an isolated incident but rather a symptom of a systemic challenge facing the Indonesian correctional system. The practice of creating "special facilities" for certain inmates—often referred to as sel mewah or luxury cells—has historically undermined the credibility of the judicial system.

According to data from the Ministry of Law and Human Rights, Indonesia’s prisons currently face severe overcrowding, with many facilities operating at double or triple their intended capacity. This disparity creates a vacuum in which illegal practices can thrive. When inmates with financial influence or political connections can bypass the standard conditions of incarceration, the foundational principle that "all citizens are equal before the law" is compromised.

The Ombudsman’s role, as defined by Law Number 37 of 2008, is to receive and investigate reports of maladministration by public officials. The presence of private structures within a state-managed facility represents a clear case of potential maladministration, as it indicates a failure to enforce uniform standards of punishment and rehabilitation.

Official Responses and Procedural Implications

In the aftermath of the September 23 inspection, Syafrida Rachmawati Rasahan and her colleagues held a press conference to detail their findings. The Ombudsman has signaled its intent to conduct a comprehensive audit of the facility’s management and the oversight mechanisms employed by the local office of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights.

While the Directorate General of Corrections has historically maintained that all inmates are subject to the same regulations, the Ombudsman’s physical evidence complicates this narrative. The discovery of these structures necessitates a formal inquiry into:

  1. The approval process for the construction of these buildings.
  2. The financial sources used to fund the construction and maintenance of these private areas.
  3. The identity of the individuals who were granted access to these facilities and the criteria used to determine such access.

Legal experts have noted that if the Ombudsman finds evidence of corruption or bribery in the allocation of these facilities, the case will likely be referred to the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) or the National Police for criminal investigation.

Broader Impact: Restoring Public Trust

The incident in Cibinong serves as a critical test for the Ombudsman’s ability to influence policy changes within the government. By shedding light on the "homestay-style" facilities, Syafrida and her team are challenging the entrenched culture of privilege within the prison system.

The broader implications of this inspection are twofold. First, it places pressure on the Ministry of Law and Human Rights to initiate immediate reforms, including the potential demolition of unauthorized structures and a review of the prison administration’s internal controls. Second, it reaffirms the importance of the Ombudsman as a watchdog capable of conducting unannounced inspections, thereby keeping public officials on guard against complacency and misconduct.

For the public, these findings underscore the necessity of sustained oversight. Without the persistent investigative efforts of figures like Syafrida Rachmawati Rasahan, such anomalies in the prison system would likely remain shielded from public scrutiny. As the investigation progresses, the Ombudsman is expected to issue a formal recommendation for corrective action, which the government is legally obligated to address.

The Path Forward: Reform and Accountability

As the Ombudsman continues its probe into the Cibinong facility, the focus will remain on the accountability of the Warden and the regional administrators responsible for overseeing the prison’s daily operations. The incident has already prompted calls from legal observers for a nationwide audit of all Class IIA and Class I facilities to ensure that no similar "special treatment" zones exist elsewhere.

The work led by Syafrida Rachmawati Rasahan highlights the critical intersection between legal expertise and administrative oversight. By navigating the friction caused by the facility’s initial resistance to the inspection, the Ombudsman has proven that transparency remains the most effective tool for governance. As the Indonesian correctional system looks toward modernization, the removal of systemic inequalities—including the physical manifestations of privilege—will be a mandatory step in restoring public confidence in the judicial and penal processes.

The outcome of this investigation will serve as a bellwether for the future of administrative oversight in Indonesia. If the findings lead to concrete policy shifts, it will demonstrate that institutional integrity can be protected, regardless of the status or influence of those who attempt to bypass the law. Syafrida and her colleagues at the Ombudsman have set a clear precedent: the doors of public institutions must be open to inspection, and the conditions within them must reflect the equality that the law demands.

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Entertainment & Celebrity

Wardatina Mawa Speaks Out on Social Media Regarding Unstable Child Support Payments from Ex-Husband Insanul Fahmi

by Basiran
written by Basiran

The ongoing public dispute between prominent social media personality Wardatina Mawa and her former husband, Insanul Fahmi, has once again captured the attention of netizens and entertainment media outlets alike. Recently, Mawa took to her official social media platforms to air her frustrations concerning the child support payments mandated by the court following the dissolution of their marriage. The digital outcry highlights ongoing financial tensions between the former couple, specifically focusing on the regularity and reliability of the monthly allocations designated for the upbringing of their child.

In a candid and emotionally charged conversation with her mother, which she subsequently shared with her vast online audience, Mawa expressed disbelief and dismay over the irregular disbursement of the financial support. The core of the grievance centers around a monthly nominal amount of IDR 3 million. According to Mawa, even this relatively modest sum, which was legally established as a binding obligation for child maintenance, has consistently failed to be delivered on a routine and predictable basis.

The public disclosure quickly gained traction across various digital networks, transforming into a viral topic of discussion regarding parental responsibilities, legal compliance, and the post-divorce financial realities faced by single mothers in the public eye. The frustration audible in Mawa’s digital confession underscores a broader, systemic issue often debated in family law: the gap between judicial mandates and the practical enforcement of child support agreements.

Legal Background and Court Decisions

Wardatina Mawa Curhat Insanul Fahmi Tak Lancar Beri Nafkah Rp3 Juta per Bulan, Ini Pengakuannya!

To fully understand the gravity of the current social media discourse, one must examine the legal framework established earlier in the year. The financial obligation in question is not a mere informal agreement between the former spouses; rather, it is a formal decree issued by the judiciary. The legal battle between Wardatina Mawa and Insanul Fahmi culminated in a definitive ruling by the panel of judges at the Lubuk Pakam Religious Court.

On Wednesday, July 8, 2026, the Lubuk Pakam Religious Court officially granted Mawa’s petition for divorce. Beyond dissolving the matrimonial bond, the court addressed the critical welfare matters concerning the child born of the union. In its official verdict, the judicial body granted full custody of the child to Wardatina Mawa, recognizing her primary role as the caregiver. Concurrently, the court ordered Insanul Fahmi to fulfill his legal obligation as a parent by providing monthly child support fixed at IDR 3 million until the child reaches legal maturity or independence.

Despite the absolute nature of court rulings in Indonesian religious jurisprudence, the transition from legal theory to practical execution frequently encounters friction. The recent viral commentary by Mawa serves as a public indicator that the formal decree has faced administrative or financial bottlenecks, prompting public scrutiny of Insanul Fahmi’s adherence to the judicial directive.

Chronology of Events and Escalating Tensions

The friction between Wardatina Mawa and Insanul Fahmi is not an isolated incident but rather the latest chapter in a protracted public separation that has played out largely in the digital sphere. The timeline of their legal and personal dissolution reveals a series of escalating complications:

Wardatina Mawa Curhat Insanul Fahmi Tak Lancar Beri Nafkah Rp3 Juta per Bulan, Ini Pengakuannya!
  1. Early 2026 to Mid-2026: Marital Discord and Legal Filings. Mounting irreconcilable differences led the couple toward separation. Mawa formally filed for divorce at the Lubuk Pakam Religious Court, seeking both the dissolution of the marriage and legal custody of their child.
  2. July 8, 2026: Judicial Verdict. The Lubuk Pakam Religious Court officially ruled in favor of the plaintiff, granting the divorce petition, awarding child custody to Mawa, and mandating the IDR 3 million monthly child support payment from Insanul Fahmi.
  3. August 2026: Administrative and Legal Complications. Post-divorce tensions persisted, highlighted by reports regarding uncollected administrative documents, such as the official divorce certificate (akta cerai). Speculation arose regarding the status of their relationship, with Fahmi explicitly denying any intentions of reconciliation despite delays in retrieving official documentation. Furthermore, unrelated legal hurdles, including allegations of digital trespassing and illegal access involving Mawa, surfaced, adding layers of legal jeopardy and public drama.
  4. September 25, 2026: Viral Outcry Over Child Support. Mawa published her conversation with her mother on Instagram, revealing that the court-mandated IDR 3 million child support was not being disbursed regularly, reigniting intense public debate across social media platforms.

Broader Legal and Social Implications

The public airing of private financial disputes involving public figures often transcends mere entertainment, touching upon significant sociological and legal themes. In Indonesia, the enforcement of post-divorce child support remains a complex challenge for the judicial system. While religious courts possess the authority to determine maintenance amounts during divorce proceedings, mechanisms for tracking, compelling, and penalizing non-compliance outside of formal, petitioned enforcement actions are often limited and dependent on the proactive measures of the aggrieved party.

For influencers and content creators like Wardatina Mawa, social media platforms serve as both a medium for personal expression and an informal court of public opinion. When traditional legal enforcement feels sluggish or inaccessible, public appeals are frequently utilized to apply social pressure on recalcitrant former partners. However, this strategy also exposes both parties to intense public scrutiny, trial by social media, and potential reputational damage.

Furthermore, the simultaneous existence of auxiliary legal controversies—such as the ongoing investigations regarding alleged illegal access where Mawa has publicly stated her readiness to cooperate with law enforcement—paints a picture of a turbulent post-marital transition. These overlapping legal battles compound the emotional and financial stress experienced by both individuals, while keeping their personal lives under the unyielding microscope of digital media consumers.

Public Reaction and Future Outlook

Wardatina Mawa Curhat Insanul Fahmi Tak Lancar Beri Nafkah Rp3 Juta per Bulan, Ini Pengakuannya!

The response from the digital community has been markedly polarized, reflecting the parasocial relationships followers maintain with modern internet personalities. A significant portion of netizens has expressed solidarity with Mawa, emphasizing the fundamental duty of fathers to financially provide for their offspring regardless of the marital status of the parents. Critics of Insanul Fahmi have utilized comment sections to demand accountability, pointing out that failing to meet court-ordered obligations undermines the welfare of the child.

Conversely, legal observers often urge caution, noting that public statements on social media represent only one side of a multifaceted domestic situation. As the legal fallout continues to unfold, legal experts suggest that the most constructive path forward for both parties involves settling financial and custody matters through formal legal channels or mediation, thereby minimizing further public spectacle and protecting the psychological well-being of the minor involved.

As Wardatina Mawa navigates the complexities of single parenthood amid ongoing legal challenges, her willingness to publicly address these financial shortcomings ensures that the conversation surrounding parental accountability, women’s rights in divorce, and the enforcement of religious court rulings will remain a prominent topic of public discourse in the months to come.

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Lifestyle & Fashion

Resorts World Sentosa Transforms Halloween into a Multidimensional Spectacle with the Festival of Thrills 2026

by Nana
written by Nana

The boundaries between sheer terror and absolute delight are dissolving this autumn as Resorts World Sentosa (RWS) unveils its most ambitious Halloween programming to date. Billed as the Festival of Thrills 2026, the integrated resort has curated a sprawling, multi-sensory landscape that merges lifestyle luxury with spine-chilling horror, high-energy entertainment, and deep-sea wonder. Following an exclusive media preview in mid-September 2026, visitors and industry analysts alike have taken note of how RWS has evolved its seasonal offerings, shifting from traditional haunted houses to an all-encompassing destination event that caters to adrenaline seekers, families, and marine conservation enthusiasts alike.

Spanning several iconic zones within the premier Singaporean destination, the festival bridges the gap between the dark narrative art of Universal Studios Singapore and the hypnotic, bioluminescent depths of the Singapore Oceanarium. As tourism boards across Southeast Asia continue to emphasize experiential travel, RWS’s latest Halloween strategy demonstrates a sophisticated approach to seasonal tourism, blending cutting-edge technology, localized folklore, and family-friendly engagement to drive regional visitor acquisition.

Resorts World Sentosa Rayakan Halloween dengan “Festival of Thrills”

Universal Studios Singapore Unleashes Universal Horror: Halloween Horror Nights 14

At the core of the RWS Halloween experience lies the fourteenth iteration of Universal Studios Singapore’s (USS) renowned Halloween Horror Nights (HHN 14). For over a decade, HHN has served as Southeast Asia’s premier Halloween event, drawing hundreds of thousands of thrill-seekers from across the globe. This year, the creative teams at USS have leaned heavily into a diverse tapestry of speculative fiction, fusing futuristic dystopian nightmares with deeply rooted Southeast Asian urban legends to deliver maximum psychological impact.

HHN 14 features four meticulously designed haunted houses, each serving a distinct narrative of dread. Singapore’s Most Haunted: On Air taps directly into regional anxieties, bringing infamous local specters—most notably the legendary Pontianak—out of folklore and into visceral, three-dimensional reality. Meanwhile, Karang Guni: The Cursed Collection reimagines the nostalgic figure of the rag-and-bone man, transforming a familiar childhood archetype into a sinister collector of forbidden and cursed relics roaming the park’s shadowy alleyways.

Resorts World Sentosa Rayakan Halloween dengan “Festival of Thrills”

Stepping away from traditional folklore, Made in Hell: XL Robotics presents a chilling science-fiction dystopia. The maze explores a blood-soaked future where humanity’s unchecked reliance on artificial intelligence reaches a catastrophic, flesh-and-metal breaking point. Rounding out the haunted house lineup is Chatterbox Charlie’s Vaudeville Horrors, which transports guests into a macabre theater production where vaudeville acts twist into gruesome spectacles.

Complementing these indoor terrors are two sprawling immersive zones. The Raveyard invites guests into a post-apocalyptic dance party where high-energy electronic music contrasts sharply with hordes of roaming zombies. For history buffs and mythology enthusiasts, Necropolis: The Serpent’s Crossroads transports travelers into the cursed, sand-swept underworld of Ancient Egypt, where ancient deities and vengeful pharaohs guard forgotten tombs.

The festival’s live entertainment lineup further amplifies the theatricality of the event. The opening ceremony, titled Scaremony, sets the seasonal tone by following a group of tech-savvy digital streamers who inadvertently tear open a portal to a malevolent dimension. At Club PanDEMONium, the nightlife atmosphere takes a sinister turn as a high-octane judgment-day rave invites partygoers to seek the favor of KHAOS, the ruling entity of the underworld. Over at The Raveyard, the Nail the Beat show introduces Ponti-Ana—a playful yet eerie manifestation of the Kuntilanak—who takes to the stage alongside the Fatimah Rockers. Adding an international flair to the festivities, HamiKuma, the breakout mascot from Universal Studios Japan, makes a special guest appearance, delighting fans with a quirky blend of horror and cuteness.

Resorts World Sentosa Rayakan Halloween dengan “Festival of Thrills”

Family-Friendly Frights and Immersive Day-to-Night Programming

Recognizing that Halloween is a holiday meant for audiences of all demographics, Resorts World Sentosa has deliberately expanded its daytime and family-oriented programming. The introduction of the Belloween Ball ensures that younger visitors can participate in the festivities without enduring psychological trauma.

Within Illumination’s Minion Land, visitors are greeted by beloved characters dressed in elaborate seasonal attire. Minions sporting mummy wraps, Frankenstein monster bolts, and Bob dressed in a classic Bride of Monsters gown offer whimsical photo opportunities. Similarly, Sanrio’s iconic Hello Kitty makes special appearances draped in avant-garde Gothic Harajuku fashion, successfully marrying pop culture with seasonal aesthetics.

Resorts World Sentosa Rayakan Halloween dengan “Festival of Thrills”

Beyond the theme park gates, Adventure Cove Waterpark provides a refreshing aquatic twist on the holiday. The park features Legend Keepers: The Ocean Spirit Awakens, an interactive gamified quest that challenges visitors to navigate aquatic trials to appease ancient sea deities. For those seeking atmospheric thrills, Pool Party Panic delivers a nostalgic 1980s horror-movie aesthetic complete with themed water games, moody lighting, and retro synth-wave soundtracks. Concurrently, the lifestyle retail hub WEAVE hosts month-long trick-or-treat trails throughout October, ensuring that local families and international tourists alike find immersive engagement across the entire resort footprint.

Navigating the Abyss: Into the Glowcean at the Singapore Oceanarium

Perhaps the most visually arresting departure from traditional Halloween tropes is found within the newly highlighted Singapore Oceanarium. Eschewing jump scares in favor of atmospheric wonder, the “Into the Glowcean” installation explores the hypnotic beauty of the ocean’s darkest trenches through the lens of art and marine science.

Resorts World Sentosa Rayakan Halloween dengan “Festival of Thrills”

Curated from the oceanarium’s extensive collection of over 1,000 marine species, the exhibition highlights creatures adapted to the aphotic zone—the pitch-black layers of the deep sea where sunlight cannot penetrate. Visitors traverse galleries illuminated by ultraviolet lighting and dynamic projections, observing the natural bioluminescence of comb jellies, deep-sea cephalopods, and specialized reef fish that emit eerie, ethereal glows.

The narrative journey deepens within a newly engineered predator tunnel, home to diverse species of apex sharks. As these magnificent predators glide silently overhead and alongside visitors, the installation plays on primal human anxieties regarding the deep sea, transforming fear into awe. Further along the pathway, a massive main aquarium reveals a sunken shipwreck, preceded by an authentic historical replica of the Jewel of Muscat—an Omani vessel that underscores maritime trade history. This juxtaposition of marine zoology and maritime archaeology allows guests to observe how decaying wooden hulls and rusted rudders have evolved into thriving artificial reefs, providing sanctuary for schooling fish and deep-water mollusks.

The experience culminates in an immersive video-mapping and digital art showcase that bridges the physical reality of marine ecosystems with speculative digital artistry.

Resorts World Sentosa Rayakan Halloween dengan “Festival of Thrills”

Economic and Tourism Implications of Integrated Seasonal Events

Industry analysts note that comprehensive seasonal campaigns like the Festival of Thrills play a critical strategic role in sustaining regional tourism momentum during the traditionally shoulder-month period of September and October. By integrating high-intensity thrill attractions at Universal Studios Singapore with family-centric offerings at Adventure Cove Waterpark and contemplative, science-based exhibitions at the Singapore Oceanarium, Resorts World Sentosa successfully captures multiple market segments simultaneously.

The inclusion of localized folklore—such as the Pontianak and the Karang Guni man—also reflects a broader global shift in entertainment design toward authentic regional storytelling, resonating more deeply with Southeast Asian travelers while offering international visitors an authentic cultural window into Singaporean urban legends. As travel patterns continue to favor destination resorts capable of offering multifaceted itineraries under one roof, RWS’s 2026 Halloween campaign sets a high benchmark for integrated leisure and entertainment destinations worldwide.

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Fakta Penting yang Patut Dicermati Orang Tua Sebelum Membuat Akun Media Sosial Anak

by Suro Senen
written by Suro Senen

In the digital era, the boundaries between private family life and public consumption have become increasingly porous. As social media platforms evolve into spaces for showcasing personal milestones, a growing number of parents have begun documenting their children’s lives from infancy. While the intention is often to preserve memories and celebrate developmental milestones, this practice has evolved into a phenomenon known as "sharenting"—a portmanteau of "sharing" and "parenting." This trend involves the persistent and often excessive posting of a child’s photos, activities, and achievements online. While seemingly benign, experts and privacy advocates are increasingly warning of the long-term implications that this digital footprint may have on a child’s autonomy, safety, and psychological well-being.

Defining the Phenomenon of Sharenting

Sharenting refers to the practice of parents broadcasting their children’s lives across social media platforms such as Instagram, TikTok, and Facebook. The motivation typically stems from a desire to share joy, document growth, and seek community validation through likes, comments, and shares. However, the line between sharing a sentimental moment and over-sharing is often crossed when parental pride shifts toward a pursuit of digital engagement.

The core issue lies in the lack of consent. Most children who are the subjects of these accounts are too young to understand the permanence of the internet or the potential ramifications of a digital identity created by someone else. When parents treat their children’s lives as content, they risk stripping the child of their right to define their own digital persona later in life.

Fakta yang Patut Dicermati Orang Tua Sebelum Membuat Akun Media Sosial Anak

The Psychological and Social Implications for Children

The impact of sharenting on child development is a subject of significant concern among child psychologists. When children are subjected to constant surveillance and documentation, it can create a sense of being a "performance object" rather than an individual.

Research suggests that children who grow up with their lives meticulously chronicled online may suffer from increased self-consciousness. As these children reach adolescence, they often encounter their parents’ archives—posts that may have been intended as endearing but are now viewed as embarrassing or intrusive. This can lead to friction between parent and child, as the teenager may feel that their parents have hijacked their narrative.

Furthermore, the pressure to "perform" for a digital audience—such as being asked to repeat a viral trend or act out a specific scenario for a video—can stifle a child’s natural development. When a child’s hobbies or talents are viewed primarily through the lens of their potential for high engagement, the focus shifts from the child’s authentic experience to the external validation provided by followers.

The Data Privacy and Safety Risks

Beyond the psychological toll, sharenting presents tangible security risks. Every photograph uploaded to the internet carries metadata that, if not properly scrubbed, can reveal location data. Even without metadata, the visual clues in a background—such as a school uniform logo, a street sign, or a house number—can allow malicious actors to track a child’s movements.

Fakta yang Patut Dicermati Orang Tua Sebelum Membuat Akun Media Sosial Anak

Data privacy experts have long warned that the personal information shared during childhood can be exploited later in life. For instance, information shared by parents, such as a child’s full name, date of birth, or even details about their medical history or behavioral habits, can be weaponized by identity thieves. By the time a child reaches legal adulthood, they may already possess a compromised digital identity that they did not consent to create.

Chronology of the Digital Parenting Shift

The rise of sharenting can be traced back to the early 2010s, coinciding with the rapid growth of image-centric social media platforms. Initially, the practice was viewed as a modern evolution of the family photo album. However, as the "influencer" economy matured between 2015 and 2020, the incentive structure changed. Parents realized that content featuring children often garnered higher engagement rates than adult-centric content.

By 2023, the trend had reached a saturation point where "kid-fluencers" became a recognized industry. This shift prompted legislative discussions in various jurisdictions. For example, some U.S. states and European nations began exploring "right to be forgotten" laws, which would allow individuals to demand the removal of content posted by their parents once they reach a certain age.

Industry and Expert Perspectives

Legal and ethical experts suggest that parents should adopt a "privacy-first" approach. This includes disabling geotagging, avoiding the use of the child’s full name, and strictly limiting the audience of posts to close friends and family. More importantly, there is a growing consensus that parents should engage in an ongoing dialogue with their children about their online presence.

Fakta yang Patut Dicermati Orang Tua Sebelum Membuat Akun Media Sosial Anak

As one family counselor noted, "The fundamental rule should be: if the child is old enough to understand the implications, they should be the one to decide what gets posted. If they are too young, the parent acts as a custodian of that data, not an owner."

Best Practices: The Do’s and Don’ts

To mitigate the risks associated with sharenting, parents are encouraged to follow a set of established guidelines:

  • Don’t share personally identifiable information: Avoid posting details like school names, home addresses, or daily routines that could reveal a child’s whereabouts.
  • Do practice consent: As children grow, their preferences for privacy will change. Respect these boundaries even if it means deleting a previously popular post.
  • Don’t prioritize engagement over well-being: A spike in likes should never come at the cost of a child’s comfort or dignity.
  • Do use privacy settings: Keep accounts private and audit the follower list regularly.
  • Do archive for personal use: If the goal is to save memories, utilize private cloud storage or offline hard drives instead of public social media platforms.

Future Implications and Legislative Outlook

The societal debate surrounding sharenting is only just beginning. As the first generation of "sharented" children enters the workforce, it is expected that we will see an increase in legal disputes regarding the ownership of personal data posted by parents. Employers and academic institutions increasingly review social media profiles, and an unwanted digital footprint from childhood could potentially influence a young adult’s future opportunities.

In response, some advocacy groups are pushing for stricter regulations on social media companies, demanding that they provide easier tools for minors to remove content posted by their parents. Meanwhile, educational initiatives are being developed to help parents understand that while they hold the camera, the life being captured belongs to the child.

Fakta yang Patut Dicermati Orang Tua Sebelum Membuat Akun Media Sosial Anak

Conclusion

The digital landscape is a permanent archive. What is posted today, regardless of the platform’s privacy settings, has the potential to remain accessible for decades. For parents, the challenge is to balance the desire to share the joys of parenthood with the responsibility of protecting their child’s future. By prioritizing privacy, fostering consent, and maintaining a healthy distance from the "influencer" culture, parents can ensure that their child’s digital footprint is a legacy they can be proud of, rather than a burden they are forced to carry. The shift from "sharenting" to "responsible digital citizenship" is not just a trend—it is a necessary evolution in the way we protect the next generation in a connected world.

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Health & Wellness

State-Owned Enterprises Considered Fully Capable of Managing PT Freeport Indonesia Assets Following Planned Share Divestment

by Basiran
written by Basiran

The ongoing discussions surrounding the divestment of shares in mining giant PT Freeport Indonesia have entered a critical phase, highlighting the strategic ambition of the Indonesian government to increase national ownership in major natural resource concessions. Within this framework, two prominent Indonesian State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs)—PT Aneka Tambang (Persero) Tbk (ANTM) and PT Inalum (Persero)—have been designated to spearhead the acquisition process for the divested shares. Despite external skepticism and complex commercial negotiations, high-ranking government officials have expressed unwavering confidence in the operational and financial readiness of these state entities to assume control and successfully manage the massive copper and gold mining operations in Papua.

The conviction within the Ministry of Finance underscores a broader policy shift aimed at ensuring that strategic national assets deliver direct and substantial benefits to the domestic economy. As the divestment process moves forward, policymakers, industry analysts, and market observers are closely scrutinizing the capacity of Indonesian enterprises to absorb, operate, and sustain a world-class mining venture previously dominated by foreign multinational investment.

Context and Background of the Divestment Mandate

The push for state participation in PT Freeport Indonesia is rooted in the regulatory frameworks governing mineral and coal mining in the country, particularly the 2009 Mining Law and its subsequent amendments, alongside specific provisions within Freeport’s Contract of Work. Under these regulations, foreign-owned mining companies operating within Indonesian jurisdiction are legally obligated to progressively divest their shares to local entities—prioritizing the central government, regional governments, and state- or privately-owned national companies.

For decades, the Grasberg mine in Mimika, Papua—operated by PT Freeport Indonesia, a subsidiary of the United States-based Freeport-McMoRan Inc.—has stood as one of the largest gold and copper deposits in the world. However, the ownership structure has historically favored foreign stakeholders, generating continuous public debate regarding national sovereignty, the distribution of economic rents, environmental stewardship, and local community development in Papua.

The decision to position PT Aneka Tambang (Persero) Tbk, widely known as Antam, and PT Inalum (Persero) at the forefront of the acquisition reflects a calculated strategy to pool state mining expertise and capital strength. Antam brings decades of experience in mineral exploration, processing, and commercialization across various commodities such as nickel, gold, and bauxite. Meanwhile, Inalum—which later evolved into the mining holding company MIND ID—possesses substantial financial leverage and strategic oversight capabilities necessary for executing large-scale capital acquisitions.

Chronology of the Divestment Process and Government Stance

The timeline leading up to the designation of Antam and Inalum as prospective buyers was marked by protracted negotiations regarding share valuations, environmental liabilities, the transition from a Contract of Work (CoW) to a Special Mining Business License (IUPK), and the construction of domestic smelting facilities.

In the years preceding late 2015, the Indonesian government intensified pressure on Freeport-McMoRan to comply with statutory divestment obligations that had faced repeated delays. As regulatory deadlines approached, the Ministry of Finance, alongside the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources and the Ministry of State-Owned Enterprises, coordinated efforts to formulate a unified national acquisition strategy.

By November 2015, the structural plan crystallized around the involvement of a consortium or specific state-owned enterprises capable of meeting the financial requirements mandated by the fair-market value of the shares. Addressing the public and financial markets regarding these developments, Sonny Loho, who served as the Director General of State Assets at the Ministry of Finance, firmly asserted the capability of Indonesian SOEs to manage the complex mining operations. Speaking in Jakarta, Loho dismissed doubts regarding the technical competence and managerial readiness of state firms.

"Yes, they are capable; there is no reason to doubt them. Our mining companies are already performing well," Loho stated at the Ministry of Finance. He further emphasized that domestic stakeholders should shed any lingering apprehension concerning the technical management of the world-class mining asset. "There is no need to worry. People in Indonesia worry too much; we must be bold. They must be able to manage it."

Financial and Technical Preparedness of Indonesian SOEs

The assertion made by the Ministry of Finance touches upon a central debate among macroeconomic analysts and mining experts: whether Indonesian SOEs possess sufficient capital and operational expertise to run a high-altitude, high-tonnage block-cave mining operation like Grasberg without disrupting global supply chains or operational productivity.

PT Aneka Tambang (Persero) Tbk has a long-standing history as a publicly listed mining entity with extensive expertise in exploration, mining, and metal purification. Its technical workforce has successfully managed underground and surface mining operations, albeit on a different scale compared to the massive output of Freeport Indonesia. On the other hand, PT Inalum (Persero), which was transitioning into a strategic investment holding entity for the mining sector, offered substantial financial consolidation capabilities.

Financial analysts note that acquiring a significant stake in PT Freeport Indonesia required multi-billion-dollar funding arrangements. Consequently, the involvement of state enterprises necessitated coordinated syndication with international banking institutions, the issuance of global bonds, and structured financial planning to ensure that the acquisitions did not adversely affect the fiscal health of the parent companies or the national budget.

Industry Stakeholder Reactions and Diverse Perspectives

The trajectory of the Freeport divestment has consistently attracted varied responses from political circles, labor unions, environmental organizations, and economic analysts.

Proponents of the state acquisition argue that majority ownership by the Indonesian government is a constitutional imperative, aligning with Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution, which stipulates that the earth, water, and natural riches contained therein are controlled by the state and used for the greatest prosperity of the people. From this perspective, channeling shares through state-owned enterprises ensures that dividends, tax revenues, and royalties flow directly back into state coffers, thereby expanding fiscal space for national development, infrastructure expansion, and social welfare programs.

Conversely, cautious voices within the financial sector initially raised concerns over potential governance challenges, bureaucratic interference in corporate decision-making, and the risk of political appointments overshadowing professional management standards within the state-owned enterprises. Critics emphasized that maintaining the high productivity and safety standards of the Grasberg complex requires continuity in cutting-edge mining technology, particularly as the operation transitioned fully from open-pit mining to deep underground block-caving methods—a technically demanding and capital-intensive engineering feat.

To mitigate these risks, government officials repeatedly stressed that the management transition would prioritize operational continuity. Experienced foreign engineers and technical personnel were expected to be retained during and after the ownership transition to ensure that output levels remained stable and safety protocols were strictly observed.

Broader Economic Implications and Strategic Impact

The strategic decision to vest Freeport shares in Indonesian state-owned enterprises carries profound implications for the national economy and the mining sector’s industrial ecosystem.

First, it marks a definitive turning point in resource nationalism in Indonesia, signaling to the international investor community that while foreign capital and technology remain welcome, strategic control over critical non-renewable resources must ultimately reside with national entities. This policy trajectory subsequently influenced regulatory frameworks across other mineral sectors, reinforcing mandates for domestic processing and refining (smelting) within the country rather than exporting raw ores.

Second, the consolidation of mining assets under state-owned holding structures enhances Indonesia’s bargaining power in global commodity markets. By integrating entities like Antam, Inalum (MIND ID), PT Bukit Asam Tbk, and PT Timah Tbk, the government established a unified mining conglomerate capable of strategic long-term planning, coordinated capital allocation, and joint ventures with global technology partners.

Third, the financial yields generated from the acquired shares provide a direct revenue stream to the state budget, reducing reliance on conventional taxation and debt financing. A significant portion of these economic rents has been earmarked for regional development in Papua, addressing historical economic disparities and fostering local infrastructure growth through special autonomy funds and regional government share ownership schemes.

Conclusion

The journey toward securing national ownership in PT Freeport Indonesia through state-owned enterprises represents one of the most complex corporate and geopolitical maneuvers in the nation’s modern economic history. The foundational statements articulated by financial authorities in late 2015—affirming the competence and readiness of entities such as Antam and Inalum—reflected a deliberate strategic resolve to reshape the landscape of Indonesia’s extractive industries.

As the historical divestment process matured into full majority state ownership in subsequent years, the initial confidence expressed by policymakers set the benchmark for institutional accountability. The ongoing challenge for Indonesian state-owned enterprises remains the sustained, professional, and transparent management of these vital assets, ensuring that the wealth extracted from the earth translates into enduring prosperity, technological advancement, and sustainable development for the entire nation.

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Food & Culinary

5 Soto Tangkar Legendaris Jakarta dengan Kuah Sedap Berempah

by Ali Ikhwan
written by Ali Ikhwan

Jakarta, as the melting pot of Indonesian culture, preserves its culinary heritage through various traditional dishes that have survived the rapid pace of modernization. Among these, soto tangkar stands out as a quintessential Betawi delicacy. Characterized by its rich, coconut milk-based broth infused with an intricate blend of aromatic spices and a vibrant reddish hue, soto tangkar represents a historical intersection of local ingenuity and trade-era culinary influences. Originally derived from the word "tangkar," which in the Betawi dialect refers to the ribs of a cow, this dish was historically born out of necessity, utilizing more affordable cuts of meat during the Dutch colonial period.

Historical Context and Culinary Evolution

The history of soto tangkar is deeply intertwined with the social history of Jakarta, formerly known as Batavia. During the colonial era, the indigenous population often relied on offal and bones—parts of the cow that were discarded by colonial elites. Through the skilled application of spices such as turmeric, coriander, galangal, lemongrass, and chili, these humble ingredients were transformed into a sophisticated and hearty soup. Over the decades, the recipe has been refined and passed down through generations, transforming from a street-side sustenance food into a celebrated icon of Jakarta’s gastronomic identity.

Today, the resilience of these legendary soto tangkar establishments serves as a testament to the city’s enduring culinary traditions. While modern fast-food chains continue to expand across the capital, these long-standing, family-run warungs (small stalls) maintain their relevance by adhering to traditional cooking methods, such as utilizing charcoal stoves and clay pots, which impart a distinct smoky depth to the broth.

Chronology of Iconic Soto Tangkar Establishments

The longevity of these businesses provides a fascinating timeline of Jakarta’s urban development. Many of these establishments were founded in the mid-20th century, serving as culinary anchors in neighborhoods that have since evolved into bustling commercial centers.

1. The Pioneer: Soto Tangkar Tanah Tinggi (Est. 1946)

Tracing its origins back to 1946, shortly after Indonesia’s proclamation of independence, Soto Tangkar Tanah Tinggi represents the oldest recorded lineage among the city’s prominent soto vendors. Originally established in the Tanah Tinggi area, the stall has successfully navigated the city’s spatial shifts, relocating to Jl. RP. Soeroso in the prestigious Menteng district. This transition reflects the evolution of the brand, which has shifted from a local neighborhood staple to a destination for a more diverse clientele. The dish is noted for its generous portions of tender, braised beef ribs and an uncompromising adherence to a secret spice blend that has remained consistent for nearly eight decades.

2. The Legacy of the 1960s: Soto Tangkar Bang Edi

Operating for approximately three decades under the current management, with roots reaching back to 1960, Soto Tangkar Bang Edi in Tanah Abang exemplifies the survival of traditional street food in a high-density commercial district. Positioned in the heart of Jakarta’s textile hub, the stall serves as a critical food source for the local workforce. The hallmark of this establishment is its "medok" or intensely concentrated broth, which balances the richness of coconut milk with a sharp, complex profile of dry spices.

3. The Metro Glodok Institution: Soto Tangkar Pak Mad (Est. 1971)

Located in the historic Keagungan area of Taman Sari, West Jakarta, Soto Tangkar Pak Mad has been a fixture of the Metro Glodok culinary scene since 1971. Its presence in one of Jakarta’s oldest commercial districts highlights the symbiotic relationship between traditional food vendors and the city’s traditional market ecosystem. The establishment is particularly renowned for its pairing of soto tangkar with traditional Betawi sate kuah, a combination that has become a signature offering for the shop.

5 Soto Tangkar Legendaris Jakarta dengan Kuah Sedap Berempah

4. The Craftsmanship of 1980: Soto Tangkar 46 Kerajinan

Established in 1980 in Jakarta Barat, Soto Tangkar 46 Kerajinan maintains a strict adherence to traditional preparation techniques. The use of charcoal-fired clay pots is not merely a stylistic choice but a functional one; the slow, consistent heat distribution allows the spices to permeate the meat and offal, resulting in a flavor profile that is difficult to replicate in modern industrial kitchens. This dedication to craft has earned the shop a reputation as a guardian of authentic Betawi flavors.

5. The Modern Era: Soto Tangkar Kang Jaja (Est. 2007)

While younger than its counterparts, Soto Tangkar Kang Jaja in Jagakarsa, South Jakarta, illustrates the continuity of the tradition in the 21st century. Founded in 2007, the stall demonstrates that the demand for traditional soto remains high even in suburban residential areas. By diversifying its menu to include Bogor-style soto mie, the establishment captures a wider demographic while preserving the core essence of the traditional soto tangkar experience.

Socio-Economic Impact and Market Analysis

The continued popularity of these establishments has significant implications for local tourism and economic sustainability. Culinary tourism has emerged as a vital sector for Jakarta, with traditional street food serving as a primary driver. Data suggests that authentic, heritage-based food experiences are increasingly prioritized by both domestic and international visitors seeking to understand the cultural nuances of the Indonesian capital.

From a business perspective, the pricing structure of these establishments—ranging from IDR 20,000 to IDR 50,000 per portion—indicates a strategy of accessibility. By keeping prices within an affordable range, these vendors ensure that their product remains a staple of the daily diet rather than a luxury item. Furthermore, the supply chain for these vendors supports local butchers and spice traders, creating a micro-economy that sustains the community surrounding each stall.

Expert Insights on Culinary Preservation

Food historians and cultural observers note that the preservation of such dishes is essential for maintaining Jakarta’s "cultural memory." As the city continues to undergo rapid vertical development, the presence of these historical stalls provides a necessary link to the past. Experts argue that the survival of these businesses depends on the ability of the younger generation to inherit not only the recipes but also the business models that prioritize quality and authenticity over rapid expansion.

Public feedback, often reflected in the high foot traffic and consistent rating patterns across digital platforms, underscores a growing appreciation for "slow food" and traditional cooking. Customers consistently cite the "authenticity of the spice profile" and the "historical atmosphere" as primary reasons for their loyalty. This sentiment suggests that there is a robust market for traditional heritage food, provided that the quality of ingredients and preparation methods remains high.

Future Outlook and Challenges

Despite their legendary status, these vendors face ongoing challenges, including rising operational costs, fluctuating prices of raw ingredients—such as beef and high-quality coconut—and the encroaching pressure of urban gentrification. The transition of ownership from first-generation founders to descendants remains a critical juncture. The most successful establishments are those that have managed to modernize their operational efficiency, such as adopting digital payment systems and improving supply chain management, while keeping the culinary core of their product untouched.

In conclusion, the five legendary soto tangkar stalls mentioned—Tanah Tinggi, Bang Edi, Pak Mad, 46 Kerajinan, and Kang Jaja—are more than just places to eat; they are vital institutions that anchor the culinary identity of Jakarta. As the city marches toward an uncertain future, these vendors remain, serving bowls of rich, spiced broth that tell the story of a city defined by its capacity to turn modest ingredients into a grand, enduring legacy. Their continued operation is not only a boon for the palate but a necessary component in the broader effort to preserve the living history of Jakarta.

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Travel & Tourism

Government Submits 2013 State Budget Accountability Bill to DPR Amid Audit Complexities and Global Economic Pressures

by Azzam Bilal Chamdy
written by Azzam Bilal Chamdy

The Government of Indonesia officially presented the Draft Law on the Accountability for the Implementation of the 2013 State Budget (RUU APBN) during a plenary session at the House of Representatives (DPR RI) in Jakarta. The presentation, led by then-Minister of Finance Muhammad Chatib Basri, marked a crucial constitutional step in fiscal transparency, shedding light on both the operational challenges faced by the state treasury and the complex macroeconomic headwinds that characterized Indonesia’s financial landscape during that fiscal year.

The submission of the accountability bill brought to the forefront the assessment delivered by the Supreme Audit Agency (BPK) regarding the Central Government Financial Report (LKPP) for the 2013 fiscal year. BPK conferred a Qualified Opinion—commonly known as Wajar Dengan Pengecualian (WDP)—on the financial report. This designation indicated that while the vast majority of government accounts were presented fairly and in accordance with government accounting standards, specific areas within the ledger required formal qualifications or exceptions due to unresolved accounting complexities.

Addressing the legislative body at the Nusantara II Building in Senayan, Minister Chatib Basri elaborated on the specific accounting hurdles that prompted the BPK to issue a WDP opinion. According to the government’s financial leadership, the exceptions were primarily concentrated in four distinct areas: receivables from over-lifting of oil and gas, receivables from oil and gas sales, credit assets originating from the former Indonesian Bank Restructuring Agency (BPPN), and pension expenditure funds. These legacy and operational accounting items presented persistent valuation, verification, and asset-reconciliation challenges that prevented the attainment of an unqualified (Wajar Tanpa Pengecualian or WTP) audit opinion for that reporting period.

Chronology of the 2013 Fiscal Year and Budget Execution

To fully comprehend the context of the 2013 APBN accountability report, it is essential to examine the chronological progression of economic events that shaped budget execution throughout that year. The formulation of the 2013 state budget took place against a backdrop of optimistic growth projections, but reality quickly introduced severe external and internal tests for fiscal managers.

In early 2013, the global economic recovery from the 2008 financial crisis remained fragile, with emerging markets experiencing shifting capital flows. By mid-2013, sentiment shifted dramatically when the United States Federal Reserve signaled a potential tapering of its quantitative easing program—an announcement widely referred to as the "tapering off" shock. This external monetary policy shift triggered rapid capital outflows from emerging economies across the globe, including Indonesia, placing immense downward pressure on domestic financial markets, foreign exchange reserves, and the value of the Indonesian Rupiah.

Concurrently, the domestic economy faced structural vulnerabilities, most notably a widening current account deficit. On the internal front, declining international commodity prices reduced export revenues, while high domestic consumption of subsidized fuel drove up import volumes, straining the national balance of payments. As the Rupiah depreciated against the US dollar, the government’s fiscal space constricted, forcing economic policymakers to continuously recalibrate macroeconomic assumptions, adjust expenditure priorities, and manage the cascading effects on energy subsidies and infrastructure financing.

Detailed Breakdown of Audit Qualifications

The issuance of a Qualified Opinion (WDP) by BPK on the 2013 LKPP underscores the intricate nature of public sector accounting in Indonesia, particularly concerning complex assets and multi-agency reconciliations. The four primary factors cited by the Ministry of Finance represent longstanding structural challenges in state financial management:

  1. Over-lifting Receivables: Over-lifting occurs when a contractor lifts a volume of oil and gas exceeding their entitlement share during a specific period, creating a receivable obligation to the state. Accurately tracking, valuing, and reconciling these volumes across numerous production sharing contracts (PSCs) requires rigorous coordination between upstream oil and gas regulators and financial auditors.

  2. Oil and Gas Sales Receivables: Similar to over-lifting, receivables stemming from direct sales of state-owned shares of petroleum involve complex revenue recognition timelines, fluctuating international market prices, and verification of delivery schedules, which historically complicated fiscal record-keeping.

  3. Former BPPN Credit Assets: Following the 1997-1998 Asian Financial Crisis, the Indonesian Bank Restructuring Agency acquired vast portfolios of non-performing loans and corporate assets. The ongoing management, restructuring, liquidation, and eventual transfer or write-off of these legacy credit assets have generated accounting ambiguities that spanned multiple administrative decades.

  4. Pension Expenditure Funds: Managing civil servant and military pension obligations involves long-term actuarial calculations, demographic shifts, and coordination between the state treasury and pension administration institutions, making precise annual expenditure reporting uniquely challenging.

Macroeconomic Dynamics and Policy Responses

The execution of the 2013 APBN was inextricably linked to the broader macroeconomic volatility of the period. Minister Chatib Basri emphasized during his address to the DPR that both external and internal pressures fundamentally altered the macroeconomic assumptions underpinning the original budget targets.

From an external perspective, the slowdown in global economic growth reduced international demand for Indonesian commodities. This sluggishness in global trade coincided with the aforementioned liquidity tightening by the US Federal Reserve, which created severe liquidity strains across domestic financial markets. Bond yields rose, equity markets fluctuated, and foreign portfolio investments experienced significant volatility.

Internationally induced capital flight directly impacted the domestic currency. The Indonesian Rupiah depreciated substantially, testing the resilience of local corporations with foreign-currency-denominated debt and increasing the cost of imported goods, energy, and government debt servicing.

Internally, the pressure on the current account deficit became a primary policy concern. To restore macroeconomic stability and instill confidence among investors and international financial institutions, the Indonesian government deployed a coordinated policy package. Key interventions included:

  • Strengthening the Current Account Balance: Implementing structural measures to curb excessive imports, promote domestic manufacturing, and encourage export-oriented value addition.
  • Exchange Rate Stabilization: Working in tandem with Bank Indonesia, the central bank, to deploy monetary policy tools, manage foreign exchange market interventions, and calm speculative pressures on the Rupiah.
  • Fiscal Consolidation and Energy Subsidy Adjustments: Undertaking the politically difficult but economically necessary step of adjusting subsidized fuel prices (BBM) to alleviate the heavy fiscal burden of energy subsidies, thereby creating fiscal room for priority development and social protection programs.

Legislative Reception and Oversight

The submission of the RUU APBN 2013 initiated a formal deliberative process within the House of Representatives. Lawmakers from various factions scrutinized the financial report, questioning executive officials on both the policy effectiveness during the crisis and the administrative steps being taken to resolve the recurring BPK audit qualifications.

Parliamentary oversight during such sessions typically centers on accountability, transparency, and corrective action. Members of the Budget Committee (Banggar) and Commission XI of the DPR—which oversees financial affairs, national development planning, banking, and state-owned enterprises—demanded detailed roadmaps from the Ministry of Finance regarding asset resolution for former BPPN assets and improvements in non-tax state revenue (PNBP) administration from the energy sector.

While acknowledging the extraordinary global circumstances that complicated the 2013 fiscal year, legislators emphasized that obtaining an unqualified audit opinion remains a vital benchmark for good governance and public trust. The government, in its response, assured parliamentarians that structural reforms in financial reporting systems, asset inventory, and inter-agency data reconciliation were actively being pursued to address BPK’s findings systematically.

Broader Implications and Long-Term Fiscal Reforms

The events surrounding the 2013 State Budget Accountability Bill highlighted several critical lessons for Indonesia’s fiscal management framework. The episode demonstrated the acute vulnerability of an emerging market economy to sudden shifts in global monetary policy and commodity cycles, reinforcing the necessity of maintaining robust foreign exchange reserves, flexible fiscal buffers, and prudent debt management policies.

Furthermore, the audit findings served as a catalyst for ongoing modernization within the government’s financial architecture. Over subsequent fiscal years, the Ministry of Finance accelerated the implementation of accrual-based accounting standards, a transition mandated by Law Number 17 Year 2003 on State Finances and Government Regulation Number 71 Year 2010. This structural shift aimed to provide a more comprehensive and accurate depiction of the government’s financial position, liabilities, and assets.

Efforts to resolve legacy issues, such as the disposition of remaining former BPPN assets and the optimization of natural resource revenue accounting, demonstrated the executive branch’s commitment to resolving systemic audit exceptions. By systematically addressing these historical bottlenecks, subsequent administrations sought to improve transparency, enhance institutional credibility with international credit rating agencies, and secure higher standards of public financial accountability for future state budgets.

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Travel & Tourism

The Evolution of Modern Wellness: Prioritizing Sleep Care as a Strategic Lifestyle Investment

by Asep Darmawan
written by Asep Darmawan

In the fast-paced landscape of modern urban life, particularly within high-density hubs like Jakarta, the definition of productivity has undergone a profound paradigm shift. Where once constant activity and minimized downtime were celebrated as markers of professional ambition, the current societal trend leans heavily toward the integration of holistic wellness as a sustainable, long-term investment. This shift represents a move away from viewing health as a reactive measure toward adopting it as a proactive strategy for longevity and cognitive efficiency. Central to this transition is the emergence of sleep care—a disciplined approach to restorative rest that is increasingly being recognized as the foundation of physical and mental health.

The Transition from Trend to Necessity

The wellness industry has matured significantly over the last decade. Historically, wellness was categorized narrowly under the domains of aesthetic beauty or intensive fitness regimens. Today, however, the industry has expanded into a comprehensive ecosystem that encompasses nutritional science, mental health awareness, and environmental psychology. Market analysts indicate that the global wellness economy is currently valued at over $5 trillion, with the "Healthy Eating, Nutrition, and Weight Loss" and "Personal Care and Beauty" sectors leading the growth. However, the most significant growth trajectory is now being observed in the sleep-centric market.

For the younger demographic, particularly Millennials and Gen Z, wellness is no longer an occasional retreat to a spa or a seasonal resolution. It is a daily practice of small, incremental adjustments. This generation, often characterized by its high digital connectivity, has begun to recognize the detrimental effects of "always-on" culture. Consequently, they are prioritizing what experts call "micro-habits"—consistent, small-scale interventions that include mindful hydration, regulated exercise intervals, and the deliberate curation of personal living spaces to foster relaxation.

The Rise of Sleepmaxxing and Sleep Care

The term "sleepmaxxing," which has gained significant traction across digital platforms, serves as a social shorthand for the systematic optimization of sleep quality. While the term carries a colloquial flair, the underlying practice is deeply rooted in chronobiology and sleep hygiene. Sleep care involves a multi-faceted approach: regulating circadian rhythms through controlled light exposure, managing core body temperature during the nocturnal phase, and minimizing psychological stressors prior to sleep onset.

Data from the World Health Organization (WHO) and various sleep institutes consistently highlight that sleep deprivation is a growing public health crisis. It is estimated that nearly one-third of the global adult population suffers from some form of sleep disorder or insufficient sleep duration. The implications of this are not merely limited to daytime fatigue; chronic sleep deficiency is linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, impaired immune function, and a decline in cognitive performance, including executive function and emotional regulation.

Chronology of the Wellness Shift

The evolution of this trend can be traced back to the post-pandemic era, when the blurring of professional and personal boundaries—largely due to remote work—forced individuals to re-evaluate their home environments.

Tren Sleep Care: Cara Baru Ciptakan Waktu Istirahat yang Lebih Nyaman Bersama Shopee
  • 2020–2021: The "Stay-at-Home" mandate catalyzed a surge in home-centric wellness investments. As gyms closed and offices shifted to living rooms, individuals began investing in ergonomic furniture, air purifiers, and home exercise equipment.
  • 2022: The focus shifted from merely surviving the lockdown to optimizing the home as a sanctuary. This period saw the rise of the "sleep hygiene" movement, emphasizing the importance of room temperature, darkness, and noise reduction.
  • 2023: Sleep-tracking technology became mainstream. Smartwatches and ring-based trackers allowed consumers to quantify their sleep cycles, leading to a demand for data-driven products that could improve REM and deep sleep scores.
  • 2024: The current phase, characterized by "sleepmaxxing," involves a holistic integration of high-tech and low-tech solutions. From weighted blankets to advanced mattress materials and ambient lighting, consumers are curating their environments with a precision previously reserved for professional athletes.

Market Response and the Role of E-commerce

As demand for sleep-related infrastructure has grown, major e-commerce platforms have pivoted to meet these needs. Shopee, for instance, has observed a distinct uptick in search queries for sleep-related categories, including blackout curtains, memory foam pillows, aromatherapy diffusers, and noise-canceling devices.

Industry experts argue that the role of e-commerce in this sector is critical because it democratizes access to sleep science. By providing a wide array of choices—ranging from affordable essentials to high-end sleep technology—platforms enable consumers to tailor their sleep environment to their specific physiological needs. This shift is also supported by manufacturers who are now prioritizing the "sleep ecosystem" over standalone products. Modern bedding, for example, is increasingly designed with temperature-regulating fabrics, while bedroom lighting solutions are being engineered to mimic the natural sunset to facilitate melatonin production.

Analysis of the Economic and Health Implications

The prioritization of sleep care is not merely a consumer preference; it is an economic imperative. Reduced sleep leads to "presenteeism"—a condition where employees are physically present but functionally impaired, leading to significant losses in global productivity. According to a study by the RAND Corporation, the economic cost of insufficient sleep is equivalent to losing billions in GDP annually. By investing in sleep care, individuals are effectively mitigating the risks of long-term health complications that place a significant burden on the public healthcare system.

From an environmental and sociological perspective, the focus on the home as a primary space for recovery is a healthy response to the hyper-stimulated urban environment. By transforming the bedroom into a specialized recovery zone, individuals are establishing a physical barrier against the stressors of the outside world. This architectural approach to wellness—using one’s living space as a tool for health—is likely to become a permanent fixture in residential design and interior retail.

Future Outlook: The Sustainability of Wellness

As we look toward the future, the sustainability of the "sleep care" movement will depend on its ability to remain grounded in science rather than purely in consumer marketing. The next phase of this evolution will likely involve the integration of artificial intelligence in sleep monitoring, where smart devices not only track sleep quality but proactively adjust the home environment—such as changing the ambient temperature or lighting—based on real-time data from the user’s sleep cycle.

Furthermore, the integration of mental health awareness into the sleep routine is expected to deepen. Techniques such as guided meditation, cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), and stress-management protocols will likely be bundled with physical products, creating a comprehensive approach to "restorative living."

In conclusion, the transition toward a sleep-conscious society is a significant development in the broader wellness narrative. It reflects a maturing understanding of health—one that recognizes the fundamental link between rest and resilience. As individuals continue to navigate the demands of a high-pressure, digitally-integrated world, the ability to protect and optimize one’s downtime will remain the most essential skill for maintaining both personal well-being and long-term professional success. The shift from treating sleep as a passive necessity to an active, curated experience is not just a trend; it is a vital adaptation to the modern condition. For consumers, the message is clear: the most effective way to invest in the future is to begin by optimizing the quality of the present night’s rest.

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National News

Roy Suryo Claims No Record of Gibran Rakabuming Raka at UTS Insearch Following Direct Investigation in Australia

by Neng Nana
written by Neng Nana

The ongoing public discourse surrounding the educational background of Indonesian Vice President Gibran Rakabuming Raka has taken a new turn following claims made by prominent critic and telematics expert Roy Suryo. During a recent media appearance, Roy stated that he personally traveled to Australia to investigate Gibran’s academic history at UTS Insearch, an institution linked to the University of Technology Sydney. According to Roy, his inquiries yielded no evidence of Gibran’s attendance during the specified timeframe, fueling a broader national debate regarding the authenticity and transparency of the credentials held by high-ranking government officials.

The controversy over Gibran Rakabuming Raka’s educational credentials is not an isolated incident but rather part of a larger pattern of scrutiny that has followed him throughout his political career, particularly leading up to and following the 2024 Indonesian presidential election. Questions regarding academic histories of public figures often emerge in the landscape of Indonesian politics, where educational achievements serve as a significant metric of qualification and public trust.

Investigation Details and Methodology

Speaking on a current affairs program, Roy Suryo detailed the steps he allegedly took to verify the Vice President’s academic claims. He asserted that he visited the campus of UTS Insearch in Australia to cross-check records and speak with individuals who were enrolled at the institution between 2004 and 2007, the period during which Gibran is officially stated to have undertaken his preparatory or pathway studies.

Roy claimed that after interviewing numerous alumni and individuals associated with the institution during those academic years, he could not find anyone who recognized Gibran or remembered him as a fellow student. In investigative journalism and civic auditing, personal testimonies from contemporaries are often utilized as secondary or tertiary forms of verification, though official institutional registries remain the definitive standard of proof.

However, Roy acknowledged a single exception during his inquiries. He mentioned a prominent Indonesian expatriate living in Australia, Ikhsan Katonde, who reportedly crossed paths with Gibran abroad. According to Roy’s narrative, while Ikhsan did meet with Gibran in Australia, this encounter was unrelated to the UTS Insearch academic program. Instead, Roy claimed that the meeting occurred when Ikhsan assisted or accompanied Gibran during an official or personal visit facilitated by his father, Joko Widodo (Jokowi), who was serving in a prominent political office at the time.

Context of the Educational Credentials Dispute

The debate over the educational history of the nation’s leaders has historical precedents in Indonesia. In recent years, educational verification has become a common legal and political battleground. Critics and political opponents frequently scrutinize the diplomas, certificates, and institutional attendance records of elected officials to challenge their legitimacy or administrative qualifications.

Gibran Rakabuming Raka’s academic journey has previously been a subject of public discussion, particularly concerning his transition from preparatory programs abroad to his subsequent endeavors. Educational institutions like UTS Insearch typically offer pathway programs designed to help international students meet the linguistic and academic requirements necessary to enter undergraduate degree courses at mainstream Australian universities.

In response to previous allegations and legal challenges regarding the validity of the Vice President’s candidacy and qualifications, former President Joko Widodo and representatives of the administration have routinely defended the family’s educational background. Official statements and documentation previously released by the family indicate that Gibran successfully completed educational milestones abroad before returning to Indonesia to pursue entrepreneurial and political ventures.

Chronology of Events and Public Scrutiny

The timeline of scrutiny surrounding the Vice President’s education spans several key phases:

  1. 2004–2007: The purported timeframe during which Gibran Rakabuming Raka attended UTS Insearch in Australia for foundational or pathway studies.
  2. Pre-2024 Election: Heightened public interest and occasional social media discourse questioning the exact nature of qualifications obtained by political candidates, including the current Vice President.
  3. Post-Election Legal Challenges: Various civil lawsuits and formal petitions filed by critics questioning the administrative validity of Gibran’s candidacy, which frequently touch upon educational prerequisites and documentation.
  4. Recent Claims by Roy Suryo: The public declaration by the former minister detailing his independent trip to Australia and his assertions regarding the lack of corroborating student testimonies at the institution.

Broader Implications for Governance and Transparency

The persistence of debates concerning official credentials highlights a critical challenge in modern Indonesian governance: the growing demand for absolute transparency from public servants, balanced against the potential weaponization of personal data and misinformation in the political sphere.

From a political science perspective, allegations of this nature can have a dual effect. On one hand, they cater to a segment of the electorate that demands rigorous accountability and unblemished transparency from its leaders. On the other hand, without definitive documentation from the institutions themselves or legally verified counter-evidence, such claims risk deepening political polarization and distracting from substantive policy discussions.

Educational institutions in foreign jurisdictions operate under strict privacy laws, such as Australia’s Privacy Act, which generally prohibit universities and educational providers from releasing student records to third parties without explicit consent from the individual concerned. Consequently, independent investigators like Roy Suryo often rely on circumstantial evidence, qualitative interviews, and public appearances rather than official administrative files, which leaves ample room for differing interpretations and prolonged public debate.

As the discourse continues, institutional responses and official clarifications from the Vice President’s office or the educational institutions involved remain pivotal in resolving factual disputes and maintaining public confidence in the integrity of the nation’s leadership.

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